Association of hydrogen peroxide with commercial fungicide formulations in the control of Asian soybean rust

ABSTRACT: In recent years, there have been reductions in the efficacy of fungicidal control Phakopsora pachyrhizi, thereby hindering management soybean rust and compromising crop yield. This study evaluated effects incorporating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) commercial fungicide formulations on rust. We conducted two experiments, one which was performed a greenhouse environment other under field conditions. both environments, we examined following four programs using formulations: (I) azoxystrobin + cyproconazole (quinone outside inhibitor [QoI] demethylation [DMI]); (II) picoxystrobin (QoI DMI); (III) pyraclostrobin epoxiconazole fluxapyroxad DMI succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor); (IV) water (H2O) (program without application), combined with incorporation (i) H2O2; (ii) mancozeb (positive I); (iii) chlorothalonil II); or (iv) alone. Analyses infected leaf area grain yield revealed that addition H2O2 to QoI fungicides led reduction disease severity between 33% 44% relative these products used alone, as well an increase SPAD values. The use multi-site alone failed provide effective enhancing control, associated mixtures shown be potential tool for resistance losses from Asian